CONTENTS

                                                              № 2 (4), 2001

1. THE  CROSS  SECTIONS  CALCULATIONS  OF  HADRONS  AND  COMPLEX  PARTICLES ELASTIC  SCATTERING  ON  NUCLEI  WITH  PHASE USING  IN  QUASI-CLASSIC APPROXIMATION

V. K. Tartakovsky,  A. V. Fursayev,  V. I. Kovalchuk

            The method of nuclear elastic scattering cross sections calculation has proposed for incident hadrons and complex particles within quasi-classic approximation using scattering phases. The calculations have performed for proton-nucleus elastic scattering cross sections from 182 MeV to 1 GeV. The calculating cross sections angular dependencies describe satisfactorily the experimental data behavior in secondary maxima neighbourhood.

2. ON  THE  STRUCTURE  OF  DEUTERONS  UNDER  THEIR  COLLISION

G. F. Filippov,  V. N. Romanov

            The influence of the force fields of colliding deuterons on deuteron wave functions is studied within the framework of the algebraic version of the resonating group method. The problem of the determination of the continuum of К-matrix elements at fixed kinetic energy of the deuterons in the center-of-mass system is formulated and solved.

3. AN  EXCLUSIVE  CROSS  SECTION  OF  REACTION    IN  DIFFRACTION APPROXIMATION

V. K. Tartakovsky,  A. V. Fursaev,  B. I. Sidorenko

            A theoretical analysis in diffraction approach of full triton breakup process () at scattering of protons with energy 72 MeV is performed. An estimation of cross section magnitude of three particle breakup of  nucleus is carried out in order to compare with reaction cross section . The comparison with experimental data [1] is done.

4. ON  THE  NEW  METHOD  HEAVY-ION  ELASTIC  SCATTERING  ANGULAR  DISTRIBUTION  ANALYSIS  APPLICABILITY

Yu. A. Pozdnyakov,  K. O. Terenetsky

            Using the ¹⁶O + ²⁰⁸Pb and ⁹Be + ²⁸Si systems as a tasted ones, in one of which the projectile is tightly bound and is weakly bound in other one, the predictive power of the previously suggested new method of heavy-ion elastic scattering angular distribution analysis is studied. Apart of values obtained in traditional optical model heavy-ion differential cross section analysis the new method also allows to obtain the fusion and total peripheral reaction cross sections and there partial wave distributions. Comparison of calculated within the new method cross sections with experimental ones in a wide energy range shows that in the most cases they are coincide within its errors. In this paper different processes partial wave probability distributions are investigated giving more insight into the two heavy-ion collision formation mechanism of fusion and total peripheral reaction cross sections. In general, results of this paper show that method permits to obtain reliable results and so may be widely used for heavy-ion elastic scattering angular distribution analysis.

5. On  some  mechanisms  of  interaction  with  carbon's  nuclei  at  alpha–particle's  energy  27.2  МeV

O. K. Gorpinich,  Vit. M. Pirnak, O. M. Povoroznyk,  Yu. S. Roznyuk,  B. G. Struzhko

            On U - 120 cyclotron in correlation experiment in parallel to the study of a + d interaction the mechanisms of excitation and decay of states of a nucleus ¹²С, formed as a result of an irradiation of a (CD₂)_n target by beam of alpha-particles with energy 27.2 MeV by registration of alpha-particle's coincidences were investigated. Basic mechanism of a+¹²С interaction at energy of incident particles 27.2 МeV are the formation of the excited states ¹²С, which break up on a-particle and nucleus ⁸Ве in ground and excited states. Intensive occupancy of excited level of ⁸Ве with energy excitation approximately 7 MeV is defined.

6. RESEARCH  OF  THE  SECONDARY  ELECTRONS  FROM  RADIOACTIVE  RADIATION  IN SOURCES  ^152,154,155Eu  AND  ¹⁵³Gd  IN  VARIOUS  EXPERIMENTAL  CONDITIONS

N. F. Mitrokhovich

            The secondary electrons of the near-zero energy (e_o), forming in sources ^152,154,155Eu and ¹⁵³Gd, used in spectroscopy of conversion electrons are investigated. On the base of (g-e_o) - and (KX–e_o) coincidences the Z-characteristics Z=N (g-e_o) /Ng and Z_b/Z_e emitting of e_o-electrons are determined depending on a nuclide, it environment, geometry of measurements and strength of an assembling electrical field. It was defined, that in formation of e_o-electrons from b-decay of ¹⁵⁴Eu the unknown near-zero component participates.

7. DETERMINATION  OF  THE  CROSS  SECTIONS  OF  (n,x)  NUCLEAR  REACTIONS  FOR  LEAD  AND  bismuth  AT  THE  ENERGY  OF  NEUTRONS  14.6  MeV

S. V. Begun,  I. M. Kadenko,  V. K. Maidanyuk,  V. M. Neplyuev,  G. I. Primenko,  V. K. Tarakanov

            Cross sections of (n, 2n) and (n, n`g) reactions on ²⁰⁴Pb, (n, a) reaction on ²⁰⁶Pb, (n, p) and (n, a) reactions on ²⁰⁸Pb and (n, a) reaction on ²⁰⁹Bi were determined on the basis of activation method at the energy of neutrons (14.6±0.4) MeV by measuring gamma-ray spectra.

8. TARGET  MONITORING  SYSTEM  FOR  HERA-B  EXPERIMENT.  MULTI-TARGET  OPERATION

V. Aushev,  K. Ehret,  M. Funke,  S. Issever,  V. Kyva,  Yu. Pavlenko, V. Pugatch,  S. Spratte,  M. Symalla,  N. Tkatch,  Yu. Vasilyev,  D. Wegener

By using developed Target Monitoring System (TMS) the multiple wire mode operation has been investigated for four and eight targets. The HERA-B internal target consists out of eight target ribbons arranged around the beam. Each target can be moved in radial direction independently in sub-micron steps allowing to compensate relative beam shifts and to steer for the desired interaction rate. The experimental constraints require a stable interaction rate equally distributed over all inserted targets. The actual equalisation is based on a measurement of charge originated from the beam-target interaction. The TMS automatically controls a total interaction rate (IR) and performs an equal sharing among target wires by moving the target with respect to the beam. The system shows a good linearity with the interaction rate and allows a reasonable distribution of the interaction rate among several wires. To cross check the performance of the multiple wire mode steering the reconstructed tracks and primary vertices in the silicon vertex detector have been used.

9. FORMING  OF  A  PULSING  MODE  OF  THE  TANDEM  ACCELERATOR  EGP-10K

Yu. I. Totsky,  V.V. Zhuk,  L. P. Katsubo, E. N. Mozhzhukhin,  A. V. Rusavsky,  A. Ya. Khudenko

            The device to organize the impulse mode of ions acceleration on the recharging accelerator EGP-10K is described. To form impulses of a current the method of a klystron bunching of the injected ions with consequent interruption of a beam on the diaphragm is used. Optimum sizes of the device of interruption for forming current impulses with duration 1 - 20 ns and frequency of a recurring 4 MHz are determined.

10. BETA-RADIOMETER  FOR  THE  CONTROL  SURFACE  CONTAMINATION  OF  DIFFERENT  DIAMETER  TUBES

L. S. Saltykov,  V. I. Slisenko,  S. V. Shevchenko,  Yu. S. Stryuk,  V. S. Prokopenko

            The portable b-radiometer with composition of detector blocks for control contamination of external and inner surface tube with diameter 50 mm and charger have been developed. The main parameters of blocks detection - natural background, sensitivity to b- and g-radiation’s and surface minimum measuring activity under different mode of operation radiometer were determined. The radiometer was tested in the real conditions under control b-contamination of different diameter tubes.

11. THE  LINEAR  SIX-DECADE  INTEGRATING  CONVERTER  CHARGE-TO-FREQUENCY

N. M. Tkach,  V. A. Kyva

            The description and characteristics of the charge-to-frequency converter used in a system of controlling the targets position in proton beam’s halo in HERA-B experiment on DESY storage ring (Hamburg) are presented.

12. MODELING  OF  THE  FAST  NEUTRON  SCATTERING  EXPERIMENTS

M. T. Sklyar,  I. O. Korzh,  M. M. Pravdivy

            A Monte-Carlo computer program was created for calculations of scattering neutron time-of-flight spectra in case samples which may contain up to five isotopes and may have central hole. On the base of these calculations we obtained corrections which usually are introduced to the experimental cross sections and they are the result of the multiple scattering effects, neutron flux attenuation and the angular spread of neutrons incident on a cylindrical sample.

13. TO  THE  DEVELOPMENT  CONCEPTION  OF  NUCLEAR  ENERGETICS  OF  UKRAINE

I. М. Vyshnevsky,  V. V. Davidovsky

             Nuclear energy (NE) data in the world and in Ukraine are presented. Taking into account the world tendencies and demand in energy, further utilization of NE in Ukraine is predicted. The state and possible solutions of such problems in NE as prolongation of operation period of working nuclear reactors, nuclear fuel production, handling with waste nuclear fuel, radioactive waste, decommissioning of NPP operation, selection of the reactor type for future NE are pointed and analyzed. The development of scientific and technical support of NE is underlined. General conclusion is that the NE problems must be one of the state priorities and Ukraine has sufficient industrial, technological and scientific grounds for safe utilization of NE.

14. STUDY  of  spatial  dependencies  of  some  ex-vessel  dosimetry characteristics  of  WWER-1000  type  reactor  neutron  field

V. L. Dyemokhin,  V. N. Bukanov,  E. G. Vasylyeva

            The results of activation measurements of the ex-vessel dosimetry detectors irradiated during 9-th and 10-th fuel cycles at Khmelnitskaya NPP, Unit 1 are analyzed with a specially designed procedure which mathematics tool bases on the main aspects of a mathematical statistics. It is shown that the relations between the reaction rates don't practically depend on dosimetry detector locations. This conclusion can be applied for optimization of the detectors amount used for the calculational-experimental determination of fast neutron fluences on WWER-1000 pressure vessel.

15. Comparison  of  IRRADIATION  conditions  of  wwer-1000  pressure  vessel  metal  specimens  in  baffle  CHANNELS,  surveillance  specimens  anD  inner  surface  of  THE  reactor  pressure  vessel

O. V. Grytsenko,  V. N. Bukanov

             Characteristics of the fast neutrons field, which influence to WWER-1000 pressure vessel material specimens in reactor baffle channels are determined by calculational method. Irradiation conditions of specimens, surveillance specimens and inner surface of pressure vessel upper shell are compared. It is shown, that the characteristics of the field of neutrons, which influence on specimens in reactor baffle channels, essentially differ from ones, by which inner surface of pressure vessel is irradiated. It is necessary to take into account the obtained data during the designing of WWER-1000 pressure vessel material specimen irradiation experiments in reactor baffle channels.

16. GAS  ELIMINATING  DETERMINATION  BY  POLYMER  MATERIALS  LOCATEDIN  IN  THE  “UKRYTTIA”  unit

O. V. Babich,  S. I. Azarov

            The authors analyzed different variants of radioactive gas eliminating sources structure. Major radionuclides: a-, b-, and g-radiation were considered. It is shown that the main contribution to gas elimination generation by organic polymers is made by beta-radiators: ⁹⁰Sr and ¹³⁷Cs. The paper provides data of structure and radioactive gas release from specific polymers in the “Ukryttia” unit.

17. МАGNETRONIC  (IONIC)  PULVERIZATION METHOD

S. L. Grishin,  V. P. Тokarev

            The experimental examination of the opportunity of targets manufacture from any high-melting materials and alloys with the help of the ionic pulverization method is described. The considerable advantages are shown in the comparison to usual methods of raising dust.

18. PARAMETRIC  DECAY  INSTABILYTI  OF  THE  WHISTLER  WAVE

T. Davydova,  A. Yakimenko

            Nonlinear decay of the large amplitude whistler into the daughter whistler and Alfven (or ion acoustic) wave is considered. Expressions for the threshold and growth rate are obtained without rigid restriction for the whistler frequency.

19. PECULIARITIES  OF  ¹³⁷Cs  ACCUMULATION  BY  MACROMYCETES  IN  DRY  BORS  OF UKRAINIAN  POLESSYE

A. A. Orlov,  T. V. Kurbet,  A. B. Kalish,  A. L. Prishchepa

            The main ecological peculiarities of dry bor in Ukrainian Polessye were given. Research were carried out in Central Polessie of Ukraine during 1997 - 1999. Results were obtained due to spectrometric measurement of specific activity of ¹³⁷Сs in fruitbodies of mushrooms and in the soil. Species composition of macromycetes was divided on homogeneous groups on intensity of ¹³⁷Сs accumulation. Amanita porphyria, A. muscaria and Tricholoma portentosum belong to the group of weak ¹³⁷Сs accumulation from the soil (TF = 15 – 20); Amanita pantherina, A. phalloides, Cantharellus cibarius, Boletus edulis, Tricholoma flavovirens and Laccaria laccata – to the group of moderate radionuclide accumulation (TF = 30 - 55). The group of strong ¹³⁷Сs accumulation (TF = 100 – 180) consists of Suillus variegatus, S. bovinus and Hydnum imbricatum; and group of very strong accumulation (TF = 200 – 280) – of Xerocomus badius, Lactarius rufus, Russula xerampelina, Cortinarius varius and Paxillus involutus. Cortinarius sanguineus (with TF = 400) is an accumulator of ¹³⁷Сs. Comparative evaluation of dry bor was given from the point of view of purchase of edible macromycetes in it.

20. The  EVALUATION  OF  THE  RADIOACTIVE  CONTAMINATION  DENSITY  OF  THE BOTTOM  SEDIMENT  OF  IRSHA  RESERVOIRS

V. G. Klenus,  V. V. Belyaev,  A. E. Kaglyan,  L. P. Jurchuk,  L. I. Yablonskaya

            Studies of deposition of ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr in botton sediments of Irsha reservoirs.

21. FOREST  ECOSYSTEMS  FUNCTIONING  OF AND  CONDUCTING  OF  FORESTRY  IN  THE ZONES  OF  ABSOLUTE  ALIENATION

S. P. Irklienko,  V. A. Buzun,  A. G. Dmitrenko,  F. N. Turchak

            The main regularities of forest ecosystems functioning in the zone of absolute alienation were shown. The radiocontamination mozaicity of forest ecosystems was underlined. Regularities of ¹³⁷Cs accumulation in the wood of the main arboreous species were analyzed. The detailed measures of foresry conducting and forests rehabilitation were proposed.

22. THE  CONTEMPORARY  RADIOECOLOGIC  CONDITION  OF  CHERNOBYL  NPP  COOLING POND

O. L. Zarubin,  N. E. Shatrova,  A. A. Zalessky,  V. V. Derevetsc,  A. B. Nazarov

            In 1999 the condition of the Chernobyl NPP cooling pond’s ecosystem was studied. The data of ¹³⁷Cs content in organs and tissues of different kinds of fish are presented. The change of ¹³⁷Cs content correlation in different kinds of fish is shown in comparison with the data received earlier. The season dynamic of ¹³⁷Cs content in fish’s tissues was noted. The differences of ¹³⁷Cs content in the fish according to the point where the samples were collected are shown.

23. the  influence  of  potassium  concentration  in  food  on  extraction  of  ¹³⁷Cs  from  fish

V. V. Belyaev,  O. I. Nasvit,  L. P. Yurchuk,  M. A. Fomovsky

            Concentratrion of potassium in food to ¹³⁷Cs level in fish is studied.

24. RADIONUCLIDES  IN  HIGHER  AQUATIC  PLANTS  OF  WATER  RESERVOIRS  WITHIN THE  CHERNOBYL  NPP  EXCLUSION  ZONE

D. I. Gudkov,  A. B. Nazarov,  V. V. Derevets,  M. I. Kuzmenko

            The results of radionuclides ⁹⁰Sr and ¹³⁷Cs content in higher aquatic plants of water objects within Chernobyl NPP exclusion zone have been analysed. Biodiversity of phytocenose was studied and spice-indicators of radioactive contamination are exposed as well. The seasonal dynamics of radionuclides content in macrophites was studied and the role of main aquatic plant clumps in processes of ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr distribution in abiotic component of biohydrocenose have been demonstrated.

25. About  advisability  of  ¹³⁷Cs  measurement  in  determination  of transuranium  element  contamination  of  environment

V. A. Ageev,  A. P. Lashko,  T. N. Lashko,  A. A. Odintzov

            ²⁴¹Am content has been determined by means of radiochemical and gamma-spectrometry methods in 23 soil samples, selected in the directions of main traces of radionuclide release with ¹³⁷Cs contamination levels of locality from 4 to 1200 Ki/km² and Cs/Am ratio from 60 to 7000. On the base of experimental data analyses the conclusion has been made about advisability of ¹³⁷Cs measurement in determination of transuranium element contamination in total zone of Chernobyl accident influence.

26. COMBINED  INFLUENCE  OF  ¹³⁷Cs  g-RAYS  AND  HEAVY  METALS  ON  THE INDICES  OF  VITALITY  OF  THE  L₉₂₉-CELLS  IN  THE  CULTURE

T. M. Dudchenko,  G. I. Lavrenchuk,  Ya. I. Serkiz

            The dependence of changing the viability indexes has been studied for L₉₂₉ cell line after combined exposure to the concentrations of heavy metals and radionuclide of Cesium. It is established that Ba²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Cu²⁺ increased accumulation of 137Cs⁺ by the cells. Both Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ inhibit this process. The additive effect has been observed of Ni²⁺ with ¹³⁷Cs⁺ and Pb²⁺ with ¹³⁷Cs⁺. It is shown that during the combined actions of Cr⁶⁺ and ¹³⁷Cs^{+ the} effect of consistency is not observed.

27. THE  ELABORATION  OF  NEW  ANTIRADIATIVE  METHODS  WITH  THERAPENTIC  PROPHYLACTIC  EFFECT

V. I. Palamarchuk,  S. S. Gulyaev-Zaytsev,  N. G. Makosiy

            The results of our multiple researches on the study of new substances and compounds properties in experimental conditions on animals and clinical observations permit us elaborate new highly efficient methods and food ingredients with therapeutic-prophylactic effects - “Biostim-40” and Biostim-51”. New therapeutic-prophylactic products is advisable for introduction in the therapeutic-prophylactic measures of public health of population of Ukraine, but first of all for medical treatment and prevented measures for professional contingent of people, who works in the field of constant action of ionizing radiation and suffered from the accident in ChNPP.

28. COMPARATIVE  ANALYSIS  OF  TWO  ALGORITHMS  FOR  IMAGE  RECONSTRUCTION

FROM  SERIES  OF  PROJECTIONS  IN  COMPUTERIZED  TOMOGRAPHY

A. M. Sokolov

            Two algorithms (convolution algorithm and regularization method) for image reconstruction from series of projections in computerized tomography are under consideration. These two algorithms are realized and their comparative assessment is done taking into account their robustness, key parameter choosing and used numerical methods.